INTRODUCTION TO LED LIGHTING:

LED lighting is now the optimum resolution for residential and business lighting wants. Attributable to huge investment over latest years (Philips has spent over $5 billion on the LED market), LED know-how has matured to a degree the place LED bulbs (or ‘lamps’ as they’re usually known as) ship a really equal light output to standard incandescent, halogen, or compact fluorescent lamps.

Immediately’s LED lamps or tubes are robust, sturdy, and include no filaments; there is no such thing as a probability of shattering, breakages, or mercury contamination. Lots of the market main LED lamps have rated lives of as much as 50,000 hours (50x longer than an ordinary incandescent light bulb) and eat as much as 90% much less power than standard lamps. One of the best ways to grasp the advantages of LED lighting is to do a value of possession calculation: calculate the electrical energy saving and the prices prevented from not having to interchange blown bulbs over the lifetime of the lamp (over 10 years in lots of circumstances).

In fact, one other robust argument for switching to LED lamps is as a result of it’s nice for the setting. LED lamps eat as much as 90% much less electrical energy which suggests CO2 emissions get minimize by as much as 90%. So, you may slash your carbon footprint concurrently slashing your power payments!

LED lamp producers have made it simpler than ever to modify to LED lighting, by designing LED lamps with the identical light output, dimensions, and cap bases as standard lamps. This makes retrofitting a breeze. Normally, LED lamps will slot straight into current fixtures and fittings, and lots of supply comparable dimming performance. Clients can choose the color temperature (e.g. heat white, cool white) and beam angle they like to match their current arrange.

Designers have additionally targeted on LED lamp aesthetics to make sure they appear nearly as good as the traditional lamps they substitute. That is particularly essential for candle or globe bulbs in chandeliers or luminaires, the place ornamental impact is essential. Certainly, Philips has drawn upon inputs from chandelier makers, and deliberately designed their candle lamps to boost the aesthetic enchantment of the chandelier not solely when lit but in addition when not, with classical slender form and distinctive eye-catching lens. High quality LED lamps ship glowing heat light with big power financial savings and upkeep price reductions.

You could say that compact fluorescents (‘CFLs’) are a ok various. Let’s have a look: whole price of possession of CFLs is poor, light high quality is harsh (and comprises dangerous UV radiation), they’re cumbersome (some say ugly!), most will not be dimmable, power effectivity is common, and the large concern is that CFLs include poisonous mercury vapor and are due to this fact hazardous waste. LEDs will quickly overtake low power CFL lamps because the lighting of alternative.

The UK Vitality Saving Belief advises that if all people there modified their lights to LED the place potential, we might be capable to save sufficient power to light 5 million houses! It is simple to see that LED lamps are the way forward for lighting.

LED RETROFIT REPLACEMENT STRATEGIES:

Adhoc: it’s possible you’ll plan to interchange standard lamps as and after they blow. This technique is easy and efficient, and minimises capital outlay. Nonetheless, it’s dearer in the long run, since you are delaying the price of possession financial savings for lamps not but changed, and can’t benefit from any quantity reductions when shopping for LED lamps or fittings.

Phased: if capital price constraints imply it’s worthwhile to substitute lamps in phases, then its finest to prioritise your lamp inventory, primarily based on a rating of how lengthy they’re switched on. Hospitality business house owners will most likely have plenty of halogens which might be on practically on a regular basis in stairwells, corridors, and lobbies. It is essential that these are changed first, since it will ship the biggest profit. Owners could discover it best to undertake a room by room strategy, beginning off with extremely used kitchens and residing rooms.

Full retrofit: this strategy is essentially the most capital intensive however yields the best returns financially, environmentally, and functionally. For big retrofits (sometimes >200 lamps), lease financing choices can be found for power environment friendly lighting initiatives (e.g. within the UK, the Carbon Belief makes funding out there by way of its companion Siemens Monetary Companies). What makes this compelling is that the LED power price financial savings are sometimes ample to cowl the finance funds, so it turns into an awesome price impartial technique. The lease time period will sometimes be 3 or 4 years, after which period, the shopper owns the lamps and fittings. Within the meantime, the month-to-month lease charges merely receives a commission for out of the power price financial savings.

LAMP TYPES:

Lamps are both low voltage (LV = 12V) or mains voltage (MV = 230-240V within the UK). Most high quality LED lamps are additionally dimmable, and can work on nearly all of dimming methods, making for a easy swap-out retrofit.

Medium Voltage Lamps:

Lamps with the next bases (or sockets) typically run straight at mains voltage, 230-240V AC (UK):

– SES, E14 and E27 refers to sort of screw socket. SES stands for Small Edison Screw, which is identical as an E14 socket (i.e. base diameter or 14mm), which is normally discovered on chandelier sort fittings. E27 sockets are Medium Edison Screw, with a base diameter of 27mm, and are normally discovered on table lamps, GLS pendants or PAR fixtures.

– B15 and B22 refers to sort of bayonet socket. B15 sockets (i.e. base diameter or 15mm) are normally discovered on chandelier sort fittings. B22 sockets, with a base diameter of 22mm, and are normally discovered on table lamps or GLS pendants.

– GX53 and GU10 bases

Low Voltage Lamps:

Low voltage lamp fixtures (sockets) will normally be linked to a transformer (or Driver) to scale back the mains voltage to 12V DC. Luckily, you need not contact the transformer when doing a lamp retrofit – high quality 12V LED lamps are suitable with most halogen transformers making for a easy retrofit. The variety of lamps that can be utilized on a transformer relies on the full wattage of the lamps, which must be lower than that of the full wattage capability of the transformer.

Lamps with the next bases run at low voltage, 12V DC:

– GU5.3 base: typically utilized by MR16 lamps

– GU4 base: typically utilized by MR11 lamps or capsules

– G53 base: typically utilized by AR111 lamps

COLOUR TEMPERATURES:

Lamps and tubes are typically out there in a wide range of color temperatures: the upper the color temperature, the cooler the impression of the white light turns into. Daylight has a really excessive color temperature (over 5,500K). LED lamps typically vary from 2,700K to 4,200K. LED tubes typically vary from 4,000K to six,500K 센서모듈.

Color temperature choice can rely upon the form of temper or ambiance you favor on your house:

• 2,700K = heat white (yellow white incandescent-like tone): appropriate for residential or hospitality areas the place a extra intimate really feel is required
• 3,000K = impartial white (crisper white tones)
• 4,000K+ = cool white (bluer white tones)

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• 6,500K = daylight: appropriate for fluorescent tube alternative in utilitarian areas

BEAM ANGLES:

LED lamps are typically compromised of single or a number of light emitting diodes on a chip. The light is dispersed in a method that mimics standard incandescent or halogen light sources utilizing advanced lenses. LED downlights (or spots) typically include a wide range of beam angle choices to imitate the light dispersion from halogen reflectors. Collection of beam angle is dependent upon software and ceiling top. Slender beams are usually employed for accent, product, or show lighting, or the place ceilings are excessive and the beam has extra room to disperse. Extensive beams are usually employed for common distributed room lighting, or the place ceilings are low and the beam has much less room to disperse.

Beam angles vary from 15 levels to 60 levels, however choices are lamp mannequin dependant. Dwelling areas typically profit from beam angles of 24 levels and upwards.